New Indonesian Law Prohibits Sex Outside Marriage, Affecting Travelers to Bali
Starting January 2, 2026, Indonesia will enforce a new criminal code that bans sexual relations outside of marriage, including cohabitation with an unmarried partner. This update to the law is set to impact both Indonesian citizens and international travelers within the country, including the popular tourist destination of Bali.
What the Law Entails
The revised criminal code, ratified in November 2025 after parliamentary approval in 2022, extends beyond the previous prohibition on adultery. It now includes penalties for:
- Sexual intercourse outside marriage
- Living together without being married
- Adultery
In addition to these changes, the code introduces bans on black magic, insulting the president or state institutions, spreading ideas opposing state ideology, and organizing protests without notification.
Enforcement and Complaints
Despite the strict nature of the new laws, enforcement is expected to be complaint-driven. Authorities will only act if a complaint is lodged by a spouse, parent, or child. For example:
- Married individuals might face legal action if their spouse submits a complaint.
- Unmarried people could be prosecuted if their parent or child complains.
Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) urges travelers to respect local laws and cautions that penalties may appear harsh compared to Australian standards.
Impact on Tourism and Travelers
Indonesia welcomed approximately 1.31 million international visitors in May 2025, with Australians making up a significant portion. In 2023, Indonesia surpassed New Zealand as the top destination for Australian short trips, with around 1.37 million Australians visiting that year.
Despite the law’s potential to disrupt tourism, some Indonesian tourism officials have expressed concern. Maulana Yusran, deputy chief of Indonesia’s tourism board, described the new rules as “counterproductive” during tourism’s recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. He highlighted that hotels and other accommodations—considered “second homes” for tourists—may now be seen as places fraught with legal risk.
Human Rights and Local Response
The criminal code revisions have sparked controversy and protests within Indonesia. Human Rights Watch has criticized the law, stating that it “seriously violates international human rights law and standards,” and opens the door to privacy invasions, selective law enforcement, and potential abuses such as extortion and harassment.
The new legislation is also seen as disproportionately affecting women and LGBTIQ+ communities, who are at greater risk of being reported by relatives for adultery or disapproved relationships.
Indonesian human rights minister Natalius Pigai acknowledged that about 80% of the revised criminal code aligns with human rights principles, and noted that his ministry submitted recommendations to the parliament during drafting.
What Travelers Should Know
Visitors to Indonesia, including Bali, should be aware that:
- Engaging in sexual activity outside marriage is illegal and can lead to up to one year in jail if a complaint is lodged.
- Authorities are unlikely to prosecute randomly; legal action usually requires a formal complaint.
- Travelers remain subject to Indonesian laws and must adhere to local customs and regulations.
As Indonesia balances traditional values with its growing tourism industry, travelers should exercise caution and respect local legal frameworks to ensure a trouble-free visit.
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